Which parameters are critical in calculating the firing solution for artillery pieces?

In calculating the firing solution for artillery pieces, elevation and azimuth are essential parameters because they directly influence the trajectory of the projectile. Elevation refers to the angle at which the artillery piece is aimed above the horizontal plane, which affects how high the projectile will travel before descending towards the target. Azimuth is the angle measured clockwise from a reference direction, usually North, that dictates the horizontal direction the projectile will travel.

Together, these two parameters ensure the projectile is properly aimed to hit the intended target at a specific distance and elevation. Accurate computation of both is crucial in various conditions, including wind and air resistance, which can affect the projectile's path.